| ᠦᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 897 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ 20 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ 5 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ 804 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ 68 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ︵ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 5 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ | ᠪᠣᠭᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ︽ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ︽ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠶ PP2 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠶ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠢᠱᠤᠷ ᠲᠷᠤᠫᠱ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ︽ | ᠾᠯᠣᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠰᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠤᠷ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠣ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ | ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 4 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠨᠢᠦ ᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ︵ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ︶ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠪᠡ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ | ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ︵WIPO︶ ᠳᠤ | ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ 2009 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ |