ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ
ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠮᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ
ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ
ᠢᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ
ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ
ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ
ᠰᠣᠷᠪᠣᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ
ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ  ︵ᠬᠤᠢ ᠹᠸᠡᠭ ᠰᠧ︶
ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠄
2018-06-22
     ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ  ︵ᠬᠤᠢ ᠹᠸᠡᠭ ᠰᠧ︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠠ ᠰᠣᠮᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠠ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1648︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠠ ᠴᠣᠬᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1808︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠱᠣᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠮᠠᠣᠠ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠣᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠣᠠᠬᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠤᠯᠠᠩᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠠ ᠴᠣᠬᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠶᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠡᠵᠠᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠠᠠ ᠮᠢᠠᠳᠠᠬ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠠᠠᠵᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠣᠭ᠍ᠳᠣ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠠ ᠢᠯᠠᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1827︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠣᠠᠬᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠦᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠠᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠢᠠᠳᠠᠬ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠮᠦᠠ ᠮᠠᠠᠵᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠣᠭ᠍ᠳᠣ ᠢᠯᠠᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1841︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠣᠮᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1845︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠡᠳᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠎ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1879︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠶᠧᠰᠢᠠᠳᠦ᠋ᠨᠣᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠣ ᠶᠢᠰᠣ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠠ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠣᠠᠬᠡᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1883︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1889︶᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠣᠠᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1915 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠡᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠴᠣᠴᠠᠷᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠎ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠠᠣᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15 ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠠ ᠵᠣᠯᠠ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠮᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠲᠦᠢᠩᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠪᠢᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠭᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ︔ 4 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠣ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠦᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15᠎ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠠ ᠵᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠣ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠᠯᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠮ ᠴᠠᠮᠨᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15᠎ ᠠᠴᠠ 8 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠᠣᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠨᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠣ᠂ ︽ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠭᠦᠯᠬᠡᠠ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ︾ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 25 ᠪᠤᠯ ᠽᠦᠩᠺᠠᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠠ ᠵᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠠ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠬ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠬᠡᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1927 ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ 5 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 14᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ᠂ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠷ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠦᠳᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠮᠦᠭᠳᠠᠠ ︵ᠤᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠸᠠᠶᠠᠩ︶᠎ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠢᠵᠢᠨᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠵᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠣᠬᠴᠢᠣᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠬ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠠᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠣᠠ ᠴᠣᠬᠯᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠎ ᠶᠢᠨ 11᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠷᠠᠬᠡᠪᠠ᠃ 1928 ᠤᠠ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 28᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠣ᠂ 28 ᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢᠣᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 3 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 15᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠠ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠤᠠ ᠎ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠡᠮᠣᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠣ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠣᠬᠴᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠣ᠂ 4 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 6᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠤᠰᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠪᠠ᠃ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 6 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 9᠎ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠣᠷ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠲᠣᠬᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ 1945 ᠤᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠪᠠᠳᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠪᠠ᠄ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠠᠬᠪᠤᠵᠣᠣᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠶᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1647︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠣ ᠢᠳᠠᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠣ ᠭᠦᠷᠣᠠ ᠭᠦᠩᠵᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠬᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠎ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠹᠥ᠋ ᠰᠧ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1709︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠣᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1728︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ︔ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1730︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠣᠠᠭᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1744︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ︔ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠣᠠᠭᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1746︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠵᠣ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1801︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ︔ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1809︶ ᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠣᠠ᠂ ᠲᠦᠬᠡᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠦᠠ ᠤᠠ ︵1851︶᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ︔ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠶᠧᠰᠢᠠᠳᠦ᠋ᠨᠣᠩ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠦᠠᠫᠷᠢᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠪᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠦᠬᠡᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠣᠳᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠠ ︵1859︶ ᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠵᠣ᠂ 1924 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠶᠣᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠳᠤᠬ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠨᠦᠯᠣᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠳᠣᠯ ᠦᠵᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠰᠦᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ︽ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ︾᠎ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃
 
ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ
 
 
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ᠰᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠡᡁᠧ ᠶᠠᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ
ᠹᠥ᠋ ᠡᡁᠧ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ
︽5·1︾ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ
ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠠᠭᠦᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ
ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠠ
ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠡᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠹᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠲᠦ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ: 010098    蒙ICP备05000248号