ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ᠎ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠄
    ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    （ᠨᠢᠭᠡ） ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 1004 ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 26.4% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 14 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 1.4% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 9 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 0.9% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ； ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 106 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.6% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 105 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.5% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ； ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 585 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 58.3% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠥᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 190 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 18.9% ᠵᠢ

ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    （ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ） ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
      2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 298 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ 16.0%᠎ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 108 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 36.2%᠎ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 39 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 13.1% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    （ᠨᠢᠭᠡ） ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 140 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 50.5%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 6.3% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 0.5 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 875.6 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 117.3%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 4.9% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 0.4 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ R&D （ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ R&D ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ） ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 24 . 3 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 148.0% ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ᠎ᠨᠢ 15.2% ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 4.0 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ； R&D ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ 2.78% ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 1.88 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 729 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ 274 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 167.0% ᠪᠠ 80.3%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ 37.6%᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 6.6 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃
    （ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ） ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 411 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 22.1% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ 120 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 29.2%᠎ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ 183 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 44.5% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 542.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 19.8% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 2.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 18.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ 1607.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 309 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1.5% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 3509 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 17.4% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 1.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 57.6% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 4757 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 23.5% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 3.9 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 21.4% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 1.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 8.4% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 9.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 52 . 7 % ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 3.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 17.8% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 597.0 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 37.1% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 126.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 7.9% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 560.1 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 34.8% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ； ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 323.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 20.1% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ R&D ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 603 ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 120.9%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 15.9% ᠵᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ R&D ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ 2.7 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 68.8%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃
   2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ R&D ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 192.0 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 85.7%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ 0.65% ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 6 - 1᠎ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ᠃
      ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 6 - 1     ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ

   2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 11056 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ 4064 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 193.3% ᠪᠠ 182.2% ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ 36.8% ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 1.4 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃
    ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 3.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 14.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 29.6% ᠪᠠ 14.4%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 1513.8 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 11.1%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 2.6 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.9 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 37.4% ᠪᠠ 24.4%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ 1338.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 14.8%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ； ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 350.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 57.7%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃
    2023 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ （ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ）᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 3354 ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 3.6 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 10.7% ᠪᠠ 8.0% ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ； ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 174.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 11.0% ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ； ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ （ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ） ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 79.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 9.1%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃
  ᠲᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠄
    （1） ᠲᠣᠰ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ᠎ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
     （2） ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠄ 《ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯ》 （ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ  ［2010］ 32 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠲᠤ）᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ （2018）》 《ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ （2023）》᠎ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠥᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠶ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ 9 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （3） ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠄ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （4） ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠄ 《ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ （ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ）᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ （2017）》 ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠎ᠳᠠᠬᠢ R&D ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 6 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （5） ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠶ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 3 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ； ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 1000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ 3 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 4 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ； ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 500 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠷ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 2 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （6） ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠄ 《ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ （ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ）᠎ᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ （2018）》 ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 9 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （7） ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠄ 《ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ （2021）》᠎ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ 01 ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 02 ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 03 ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 04 ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 05 ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 5 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠂ 01 —04 ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢ᠍ᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （8） ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ （ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦ᠍ᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ） ᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠤᠤᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠲᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠂  ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦ᠍ᠷᠦᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （9） ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠄ 《ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ （2018）》᠎ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠶ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ （ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ）᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠶ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ； ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ （ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ） ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃
    （10） ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ᠎ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ᠎ᠳᠤ 2 ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃
    （11） ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ NA᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃