︵1︶ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ
ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 35℃ ᠬᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠷ 35℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠥᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠦᠳᠡᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯᠦᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠤᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠤᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠶᠢᠤ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠱᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦᠢ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠷᠧᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ᠃
③ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠣᠨᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵2︶ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ
ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠰᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪᠬᠢᠨᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠃
③ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠥᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃
③ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠥᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵3︶ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ
ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃
ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠥᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠬᠦᠷᠥᠮ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠥᠷᠬᠦᠦ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠥᠷᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠥᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠥᠭᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ
ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠬᠦ᠋ᠢᠴᠤᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃
③ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃
⑤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠳᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠷ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠨᠵᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ 6～9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠨ ᠨᠢ 0.7m ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠬᠥᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
︵4︶ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠢᠨ
ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠨᠢ 6 ᠲᠡᠰ ︵10.8m＼s︶ ᠬᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠨᠢ 17m＼s ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠱᠥᠷᠬᠦᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠳᠥᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠥᠭᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠬᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠥᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠨᠠ᠃
⑤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃
︵5︶ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ
ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠮᠡᠯ ᠴᠤᠭᠴᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠮᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠭᠡ ᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠴᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
︵6︶ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ
24 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 50mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 100mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 100mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 250mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 250mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ
ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠦ ᠲᠤᠨᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠬᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠴᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
︵7︶ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ
ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠥᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
④ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠬᠦᠷᠥᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
⑤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠳᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
⑥ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠮᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠱᠠ ᠪᠥᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
⑦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
⑧ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠴᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠨᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠴᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
④ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠥᠷᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
⑤ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
⑥ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠯᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠯᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵8︶ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ
ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠮᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠷᠥ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠥᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠂ ᠥᠳᠥᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠹ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠤ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠤ᠋᠂ ᠺᠤᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
︵9︶ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ
ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠥ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠥᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
⑤ ᠭᠡᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵10︶ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ
ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠥᠰ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ 0℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠥᠬᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠬᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ 0℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠥᠨᠥᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠯᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠯᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠥᠷᠴᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
︵11︶ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ
ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ 24 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 8℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 4℃ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠨᠢ 5～7 ᠲᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠰᠴᠤ ᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠰᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
③ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠬᠥᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵12︶ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠤᠳ
ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 10mm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠥᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠱᠥᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠶᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠥᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠥᠷᠥᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ
ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠥᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠫᠧᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠡᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵13︶ ᠮᠥᠰᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ
ᠮᠥᠰᠥ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠢᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠰᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠬ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠮᠥᠰᠥ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠵᠤᠮ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠵᠤᠮ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡ᠃
③ ᠮᠥᠰᠤ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠶᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠵᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
⑤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠥᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃
② 50m ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 30km ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠢᠨᠳᠠ ᠡ᠊ᠨᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
︵14︶ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ
ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠬ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠰᠥᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
③ 50m ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 30km ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵15︶ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ
ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠰᠥ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠭ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠶᠥᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃
③ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠭᠡᠥᠮᠡ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠥ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠪᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃
③ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃
④ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
⑤ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠭᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
︵16︶ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ
ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠬᠢᠰᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠭᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠥᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠮᠥᠡᠭᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠰᠥᠨ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠯᠤᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠩ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠴᠥᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠶᠥᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠥᠶᠥᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
④ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠺᠢᠨᠤ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠩᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠯᠳᠥᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠲᠢᠭᠯᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
⑤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠫᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠳᠡᠯ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
⑥ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠡ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠰᠬᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠥᠭᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠰᠥᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
⑦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠰᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠰᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠥᠰᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠲᠢᠭᠯᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠰᠥᠬᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠵᠥᠬᠦᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃
︵17︶ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ
ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠡᠭᠬᠦᠷᠢᠳᠥᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠵᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠥᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠬ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠭᠢᠷᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠡ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
③ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠰᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 45° ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠡ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
⑤ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠠᠰᠬᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
︵18︶ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ
ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠢᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ ︽ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠬᠦ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠵᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠭᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃
② ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠯᠠᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠭᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠰᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠥᠰᠥᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠬ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠬ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃
② ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
③ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠢ᠃
④ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠠ ᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠷᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵19︶ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠬᠦ
ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠥᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠳᠴᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠄
① ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
③ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠥᠮᠥᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃
ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄
① ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠥᠨᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠥᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
② ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠥᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃
③ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠬ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠃