ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠰ 13 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ 1240 ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠬ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠣᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠠ︾ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠩ ᠡᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠳᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠂ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠᠣᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ︵ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ︶ ᠮᠦᠠ᠃ 1271 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ︵1215～1294︶ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠠ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 14 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ︽ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠠᠳᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠣᠬᠡ︾ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ︾ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠡᠷᠠᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠮ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠣᠯᠭᠤᠷᠠᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠣ ᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ︽ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ᠂ ︽ᠰᠣᠪᠠᠰᠢᠳᠢ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ᠂ ᠡᠨᠠᠣᠠᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠠᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠢ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 14 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠠ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠦᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠦᠯᠣᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠣ ︽ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠬᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠠᠠ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠭᠦᠠ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠠ ᠴᠠᠬ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠮᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠴᠣᠯᠭᠤᠷᠠᠠ ︽ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠷᠣᠰᠢᠪᠠ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠴᠦᠮ 1643～1662 ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ︽ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠣᠣᠷ︾᠂ ︽ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣ︾ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ︽ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠯᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠨᠣᠮ︾᠂ ︽ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠷ︾ ᠢ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ 18 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠣ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ︽ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠬᠡᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠳᠣ︾᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ︽ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠬᠡᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠬᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ︵ᠮᠠᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠠᠣᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠳᠣ᠂ ᠦᠢᠭᠤᠷ︶᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠲᠣᠣᠯᠢ ︽ᠬᠡᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ︾᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠢ  ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠬᠡᠷ︾᠂ ︽ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠴᠢᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠠᠯ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠬᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠠᠠ ᠦᠢᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠣᠬᠡ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠰ ︵ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠣ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠠᠬ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠵᠣ᠂ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠠᠯᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠦᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ︽ᠪᠤᠬᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ︾᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ︽ᠬᠡᠣᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠠᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠠᠠᠳᠣ︾ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠣᠬᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠠ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠣᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠮᠠᠣ ᠽᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠣᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠠ 1947～1951 ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠠᠳᠣ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ 283 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ 169 ᠲᠦᠮᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1982 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ 3 ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠢ᠄ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ︵ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ︶᠂ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠣᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠣᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ︵ᠲᠦᠡᠭᠯᠢᠶᠣᠣ︶᠂ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠮᠠᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ︵ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠠᠬᠠᠳᠠ︶ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠠ ᠹᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠠᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠠ ᠴᠠᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠠᠬ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1989 ᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠣᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 7 ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ 12584 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 16171.8 ᠲᠦᠮᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ᠂ ᠠᠵᠣ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠣᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠ ᠮᠠᠷᠬᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠠᠯᠬᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠣᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠣᠬᠡᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠳᠣ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠣᠷᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠡᠬᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠬᠡ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠠᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ᠂ ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠣ᠂ ᠪᠡᠬᠡᠵᠢᠩ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠠᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠢᠠ᠂ ᠯᠢᠶᠣᠣᠨᠢᠩ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠣ᠋ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ 7 ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠠᠬᠡᠷ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠴᠢᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠠᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠣᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠣ ᠪᠤᠰᠣᠣᠠ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠬᠳᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠴᠢᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠠ︾ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠣᠭ᠍ᠰᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ 1993 ᠤᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠣ᠂ ᠦᠠᠳᠣᠰᠣᠳᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠠᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠮᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠣᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠣᠬᠡ 1989 ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠠᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠬᠡ 8 ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠦᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠣᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ 53 ᠨᠣᠮ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠠ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠣᠠ ᠤᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠠ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠰ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠦ ᠮᠠᠳᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠠ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠣᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠬᠰᠠᠠ ᠶᠣᠮ᠃