2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 4᠎ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠧᠯᠸᠢᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠎ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ 5000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ 3168 ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 3.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ 7739 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 1403 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 100 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ 52 ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 11 ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 50 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 100 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ 98 ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 45 ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
     ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠦᠨᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ 1077 ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ 1364 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 166 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ 2091 ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ 6375 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 1237 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃
     ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠦᠨᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ 1592 ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ 4118 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 875 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1576 ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ 3621 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 528 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢ᠍ᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠍ᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃
     ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄  ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ 234.8 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠪᠥᠬᠥ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ᠎ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ᠎ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ᠎ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠢ᠍ᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠢ  ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢ᠌ᠨ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 1592 ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ  972 ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠢ᠍ᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ 61% ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠎ᠤ᠎ᠬᠢ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ 31%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃