ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨᠨᠢ᠄ ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 29ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠠᠨᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠬᠣᠲᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 10ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠲᠡ 2450 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠌ᠯᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃
ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠨᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠱᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠱᠠᠨᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠰᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠵᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠰᠦ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠨᠢ ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠱ᠌ᠢ ᠶᠠᠩ᠂ ᠴᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠥᠷᠥᠮᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠥᠷᠥᠮᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠨ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠥᠷᠥᠮᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 21ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠡᠪᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠠᠴᠠ 76% ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠳᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠳᠡᠯᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 《ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠤᠨ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠥᠮᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ》ᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃
ᠣᠶ᠋ᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠱ᠌ᠢ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠥᠮ᠂ ᠴᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠥᠮ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠥᠮ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠱᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠥᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 29ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷᠠᠴᠠ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ 31ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠲᠠᠶ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠡ 1856 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠸᠲᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭ᠍ᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠭᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭ᠋ᠠᠨᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ᠋ᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠿᠢ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠬᠦ᠌ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃