ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ
ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ
ᠢᠯᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ
ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ
ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ︵ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ︶ — ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ
ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠄
2025/3/23
    ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠄     ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    ︵ᠨᠢᠭᠡ︶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 1004 ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 26.4% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 14 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 1.4% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 9 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 0.9% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ︔ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 106 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.6% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 105 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.5% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ︔ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 585 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 58.3% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠥᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 190 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 18.9% ᠶᠢᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ︵ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ       2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 298 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 16.0% ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 108 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 36.2% ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 39 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 13.1% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    ︵ᠨᠢᠭᠡ︶ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 140 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 50.5% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 6.3% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 0.5 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 875.6 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 117.3% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 4.9% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 0.4 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ R&D ︵ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ R&D ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 24 . 3 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 148.0% ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠨᠢ 15.2% ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 4.0 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ R&D ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ 2.78% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1.88 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 729 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ 274 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 167.0% ᠪᠠ 80.3% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ 37.6% ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 6.6 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃    ︵ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ︶ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 411 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 22.1% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ 120 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 29.2% ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ 183 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ  ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 44.5% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 542.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 19.8% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 2.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 18.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ 1607.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃    ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 309 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1.5% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 3509 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 17.4% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 1.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 57.6% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 4757 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 23.5% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 3.9 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 21.4% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 1.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 8.4% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 9.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 52 . 7 % ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 3.2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 17.8% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 597.0 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 37.1% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 126.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 7.9% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 560.1 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 34.8% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 323.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 20.1% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ R&D ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ 603 ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 120.9% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 15.9% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ R&D ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 2.7 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 68.8% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃   2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ R&D ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 192.0 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 85.7% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ 0.65% ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 6 - 1 ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ᠃      ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ 6 - 1     ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ R&D ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ
微信截图_20250323231055.png
表格6(1)_01.jpg
表格6(1)_02.jpg
   2023 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ 11056 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ 4064 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 193.3% ᠪᠠ 182.2% ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ 36.8% ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠣ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 1.4 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃    ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 3.0 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 14.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 29.6% ᠪᠠ 14.4% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 1513.8 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 11.1% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 2.6 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 10.9 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 37.4% ᠪᠠ 24.4% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ 1338.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 14.8% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ︔ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 350.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 57.7% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃    2023 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ︵ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 3354 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 3.6 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠲᠣᠰ 10.7% ᠪᠠ 8.0% ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ︔ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 174.9 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 11.0% ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠ︔ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ︵ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ︶ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ 79.5 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ 2018 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 9.1% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃  ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠄    ︵1︶ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃     ︵2︶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ︽ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ︵ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ  ﹇2010﹈ 32 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︵2018︶︾ ︽ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︵2023︶︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠥᠬᠡᠶ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠶ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ 9 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠶ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵3︶ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠄ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵4︶ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ︽ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ︵ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︵2017︶︾ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ R&D ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 6 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵5︶ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 2000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠶ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 3 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 1000 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 4 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 500 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 2 ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵6︶ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ︽ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ︵ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ︶ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ︵2018︶︾ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 9 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵7︶ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠄ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︵2021︶︾ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ 01 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 02 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 03 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 04 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠂ 05 ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 5 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ 01 —04 ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ  ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵8︶ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠲᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂  ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵9︶ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ᠄ ︽ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︵2018︶︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ︵ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠵᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠠᠶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ︵ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃    ︵10︶ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ 2 ᠣᠷᠣᠨᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠶ᠃    ︵11︶ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ NA ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 
  
ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ
 
 
ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ
  
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠁
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠁
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠁
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠁
ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠁
2014-2015 ©  ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠡᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠹᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠲᠦ ᠺᠣᠮᠫᠠᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ 蒙ICP备05070829号