| ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ | | ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠾᠧᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠩᠭᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠤᠨᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ | ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ᠂ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠮᠰᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ | ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠦᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠢᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ | ᠭᠦᠩᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠲᠡᠪᠭᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠶᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ | 500km ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ | ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠢ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠳᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | 1913 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠯᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠡᠭᠰᠢᠵᠤ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ 16 ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | 1951 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ︵ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠲᠦᠯ︶ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | 11 ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠢᠭᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠤᠢᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠭᠡᠤᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1955 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠳᠠᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 80% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ | ᠪᠦᠷ ︽ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ | ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ | ᠭᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1958 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ 1969 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠭᠥᠩᠱᠧ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠢᠨ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ 1975 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ | ᠭᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠦᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1977 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠠᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠮᠲᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | 1980 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠮᠲᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠭᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠳᠠᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 2004 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠮᠲᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠲᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠮᠳᠤᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | | ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠬ᠄ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠸᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ︵ᠰᠦᠶᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ | 2020 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ | |