ᠰᠢᠯᠢ   ᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠮᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ   ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠢ᠌ᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ   ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠷ᠎ᠢ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
  ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠡᠭᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠤᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠢ᠌ᠮᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠴᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ᠎ᠳᠤ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠳᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠨ᠂ 《ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠢ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ᠎ᠳᠤ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ》 ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃
    ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ᠎ᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠂ 2021 ᠤᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ 3.6%᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠷᠤᠡᠭᠭᠡᠢ᠎ᠳᠤ᠎ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠰᠠᠳ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠎ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠰ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠰ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠢ᠌ᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
    ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠺᠠᠷᠲᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠡᠭᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠢ 1746 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳᠠᠢ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 2021 ᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠴᠤᠳ 81 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠢ 《ᠭᠠᠬ᠍ᠴᠨ ᠠᠮᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠤᠬᠡ》 ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠳᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ 2.83 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠨ ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠨ ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠡᠭᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠢ᠍ᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠡᠭᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠨ᠎ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠨᠴᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ᠎ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠎ᠢ ᠴᠢᠡᠭᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠰᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠯᠨ ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ᠎ᠢ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠵᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠡᠭᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠢ᠌ᠬᠡᠮ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠷᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠢ᠌ᠯᠤᠬᠡ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ᠎ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ᠎ᠳᠤ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷᠭᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ᠎ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠌ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃