1. ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠭᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠢᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ | ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | 2. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ | ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ︵1︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ | ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1m ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ | ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ pH ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ 6.3~7.5 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ | ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ 24 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠦᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠦᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ | ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠬ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠡᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠬ | ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | 3. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | | 4. ᠦᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ | ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠲᠢᠳᠢᠮᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠸᠧᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠯᠢ ᠶᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠬ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠢ | ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ 90% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠢᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | | 5. ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ 5℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ | ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠰᠦᠩ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ | ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | | ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠄ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠡ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ | ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯᠢᠭ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠨᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ | ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠢ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠡᠰᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 9 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ | ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | 6. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ | ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 15~25cm ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.8~1.2kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 2~3cm ᠭᠦᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 1~1.5cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 2cm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | 7. ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ | ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠭᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ | ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | | | 8. ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ᠂ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 9. ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ | ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ | ︵1︶ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ | ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 2~3 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ | ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠢ | ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ | ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ 6~8 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ 2 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ᠂ 4 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦ | ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | 10. ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ | ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ | ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠴᠦᠮ | ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ | ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠯᠢᠪᠳ᠋ᠸᠠ | ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠡ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ᠂ EM ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠫᠧᠩ ᠱᠢ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | | 11. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ | ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠤ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠪᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠠ᠂ | ᠵᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠭᠢ | ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ | ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠭᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ | ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ | ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 2~3 ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ | ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | 12. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ | ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ | ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ | 13. ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ | ︔ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ︔ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︔ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | 75% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ︵百菌清︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 500~600 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠭᠦ | ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵苯菌灵︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1500~2000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠧᠨ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ︵森锰锌︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 600 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ︵托布津︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠸᠢ ᠱᠤᠸᠠᠩ ︵福 | 美双︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 500~700 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠡ᠃ | 14. ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ | ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ︔ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ᠂ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠯᠼ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ︔ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ︔ | ᠭᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠵᠢᠪᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠧᠨ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ︵森锰锌︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 600 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠦᠸᠧ ᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ︵波 | 尔多︶ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠮ ︵ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ᠄ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠤᠰᠤ | =1᠄ 1᠄ 200 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ︶ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤ 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠧᠨ ᠰᠢᠤ ᠨᠢᠩ ︵粉绣宁︶ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000~1500 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ | ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 75% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ︵百菌清︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 100~120g ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ 70L ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ | ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 15. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ | ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ︔ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠰᠳᠠᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ︔ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰ᠂ | ᠮᠤᠯᠢᠪᠳ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ︔ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ | ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠪᠦᠸᠧ ᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ︵波尔多︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ︵45% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠸᠠ ᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 65% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ | ᠰᠸᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 400~600 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠸᠠ ᠮᠧᠩ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | 600~800 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ︶᠂ 40% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵乙磷铅︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | 400 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠩ ︵百菌清︶ ᠡᠮ ᠢ 1∶2∶200 ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠭᠠᠳ 150~250g ᠢ 75L ᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ 1 ᠮᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | | 16. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ | ︔ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ | ᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ | ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ | ︵托布津︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 40% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠶᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ︵灭菌丹︶ | ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 800~1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵苯菌灵︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | 1500~2000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠸᠠ ᠰᠢᠤ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 3000~5000 | ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ | ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 17. ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ | ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ︔ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ︔ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵多 | 菌灵︶᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠸᠢ ᠱᠤᠸᠠᠩ ︵福美双︶ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ︵甲基托布津 | ︶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠸᠢ | ᠱᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 500~700 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ | 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠸᠧ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵多菌灵︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 700~1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 18. ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ | ︔ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ︔ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠨᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ | ᠯᠢᠩ ︵苯菌灵︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1500~2000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠸᠠ ᠮᠧᠩ | ᠰᠢᠨ ︵森锰锌︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 600 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 70% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ︵甲基 | 托布津︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 19. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ︵1︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ | ① ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ | ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ② ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠶᠠ ᠸᠧᠢ ︵抗蚜威︶ ᠡᠮ ᠢ | ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 10~18g ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ 30~50L ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 45% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠤ ᠯᠤ᠋ ᠴᠢᠩ | ᠵᠢᠤᠢ ᡁᠢ ︵氯氰菊酯︶ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30mL ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ | ① ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ︔ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ② ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ 4.5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠤ ᠯᠤ᠋ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠵᠢᠤᠢ ᡁᠢ | ︵氯氰菊酯︶ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ | ① ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ | ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ② ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 50% ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠤ | ᠯᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 50mL ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 125~175kg ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠤ ᠯᠢᠨ ︵辛硫磷︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ 1000 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠄ | 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠤ ᠯᠢᠨ ︵辛硫磷︶ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 50mL ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠵᠢᠮᠠᠭ 5kg ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠤᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ | ① ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ | ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ | ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ② ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ 50% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠤ ᠯᠢᠨ ︵辛硫磷︶ ᠡᠮ ᠢ | ᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠵᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | 20. ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ | ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ︵1︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠮᠤᠷᠯᠢᠠᠠᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤᠮᠤᠷᠯᠢᠠᠠᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠤᠮᠤᠷᠯᠢᠠᠠᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠶᠠ᠃ | ︵2︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ | ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5 ᠦᠶᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ | 25~30 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ | ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ 25~30 ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ | ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ︵3︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠤᠵᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ | ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 5~7cm ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | ︵4︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | | ① ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ② ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠨ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ | ᠃ ③ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠨ ᠨᠢ 17%~20% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ④ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ |